India’s progress in various indicators of human development, as reflected in the recent United Nations Human Development Index (HDI) data, showcases a positive trajectory towards improved quality of life and gender equality. According to the United Nations Development Programme’s report titled “Breaking the Gridlock: Reimagining Cooperation in a Polarized World,” India has shown significant improvements in key areas such as life expectancy, education, and gross national income (GNI) per capita.
In terms of life expectancy, India has witnessed a notable increase, with the average life expectancy rising to 67.7 years in 2022, compared to 62.7 years the previous year. This improvement indicates advancements in healthcare, sanitation, and overall living conditions, contributing to longer and healthier lives for Indian citizens.
Similarly, India’s gross national income (GNI) per capita has seen a substantial increase, reaching $6951, marking a significant jump of 6.3 percent within a year. This rise in GNI per capita reflects economic growth and prosperity, which can lead to enhanced standards of living and increased access to resources and opportunities for the population.
One of the most notable improvements highlighted in the report is India’s ranking on the Gender Inequality Index (GII). India has climbed to the 108th position out of 193 countries, with a score of 0.437 in 2022, compared to its rank of 122nd in 2021. While this progress is commendable, it’s essential to address the significant gender gap in labor force participation, with a disparity of 47.8 percent between women (28.3 percent) and men (76.1 percent). Efforts to promote gender equality in the workforce are crucial for fostering inclusive economic growth and social development.
Despite these advancements, India’s Human Development Index (HDI) value had seen a slight decline in 2021. However, in 2022, India’s HDI value has rebounded to 0.644, placing the country at 134th out of 193 countries and territories. This improvement indicates strides in overall human development, including factors such as life expectancy, education, and standard of living.
India’s progress over the years is evident from the significant increase in various human development indicators. Since 1990, there has been a remarkable rise in life expectancy, expected years of schooling, and mean years of schooling. Additionally, India’s GNI per capita has experienced substantial growth, reflecting economic prosperity and opportunities for socio-economic advancement.
With an HDI value of 0.644, India falls within the medium human development category, underscoring the need for continued efforts to address persistent challenges and inequalities. As the country continues on its development trajectory, it is essential to prioritize policies and initiatives that promote inclusive growth, gender equality, and sustainable development to ensure a brighter future for all citizens.